Instructions for Authors

Editors of PHARMAZIE fully support internationally accepted high ethical standards in publication, as particularly outlined by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE; publicationethics.org), the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE; icmje.org), the Council of Scientific Editors (CSE; councilscienceeditors.org), and the European Association of Science Editors (http://www.ease.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/ease_toolkit_seven_sins.pdf). Authors are requested to inform themselves from these publications.

Most important aspects are presented here in brief:

All authors must disclose any financial and personal relationships with other people or organizations that could inappropriately influence (bias) their work. Examples of potential conflicts of interest include employment, consultancies, stock ownership, honoraria, paid expert testimony, patent applications/registrations, and grants or other funding. If there are no conflicts of interest then please state this: ‘Conflicts of interest: none declared’. Submission of manuscripts is not possible without a conflict of interest declaration.

Patients have a right to privacy that should not be violated without informed consent. Identifying information, including names, initials, or hospital numbers, should not be published in written descriptions, photographs, or pedigrees unless the information is essential for scientific purposes and the patient (or parent or guardian) gives written informed consent for publication. Informed consent for this purpose requires that an identifiable patient be shown the manuscript to be published. Authors should disclose to these patients whether any potential identifiable material might be available via the Internet as well as in print after publication. Authors need to provide the journal with a written statement that attests that they have received and archived written patient consent.

If the work involves the use of human subjects, the author should ensure that the work described has been carried out in accordance with The Code of Ethics of the World Medical Association (Declaration of Helsinki) for experiments involving humans. This has to be stated in the manuscript. Authors should also include a statement in the manuscript that informed consent was obtained for experimentation with human subjects. The privacy rights of human subjects must always be observed. All animal experiments should comply with the ARRIVE guidelines (https://www.nc3rs.org.uk/arrive-guidelines), the EU Directive 2010/63/EU for animal experiments (http://ec.europa.eu/environment/chemicals/lab_animals/legislation_en.htm) or similar regulations. The authors should clearly indicate in the manuscript that such guidelines have been followed.

In order to achieve uniform presentation and to avoid unnecessary delays because of further inquries, all authors are requested to observe the following guidelines:

Below the title, the surname(s) of the author(s) with initials should be given without academic and professional degrees. The full address of the author for correspondence should appear below author names. Details on the institution where the work was done are requested and should be given above the title.

Each manuscript should start with an abstract, containing the most essential results of the study. Papers should be subdivided into chapters and subchapters according to the decimal system (e.g. 2.1.3.).

To achieve clarity and brevity of the presentation, original contributions should be subdivided after the abstract (see #2) as follows:

Introduction: This should indicate the question under investigation which is generally based on a brief interpretation of the literature considering the current state of knowledge in the subfield and explaining the necessary theoretical foundations.

Investigations and results: Methods should only be described generally (see “Experimental”), referring to previous or analogous studies. The presentation of results should be precise, with necessary formulas (numbered in sequence with Arabic numerals), diagrams, tables and figures added separately (together with the legend) to the manuscripts. Numerical values of results should generally be presented either in tables or curves (please mark statistical limits).

Discussion (unless covered by #3.2. as Investigations, results and discussion): It should not repeat results already given, but should state the conclusions drawn from the results or provide a theoretical debate and comparison with literature citations.

Experimental: This part describes briefly the detailed experimental conditions. Unless directions taken from literature have been modified, it suffices to refer to the original source. In the case of well known inorganic or organic compounds chemical formulae or common abbrevations may be used (e.g. NaCI, H₂SO₄, CH₃OH, C₆H₆: Ac, Eth, Me, Phe, DMSO) under “Experimental”. In other parts of the paper this is not desirable.
Results of elemental analyses can be omitted if it is stated that all the results were in an acceptable error range.

Short communications are limited to 100 lines (including short summary; subdivisions are not required; the “Experimental” – if there is one – should be marked), up to 15 citations of literature and a maximum of 2 supplementary materials (schemes, figures, tables) are allowed.

Only the surnames of authors are given in the text. When there are more than two authors, only the name of the first one is used, followed by et al.

References in the text have to be cited by author and year, if there are three or more authors, use et al. (Miller 1997; Miller and Smith 2000; Miller et al. 2001). If the year is the same for several references identify these with a, b, c etc (Smith 1998a; Smith 1998b etc.) both in the text and in the reference list. At the end of the paper, references are listed in alphabetical order under the first authors surname. All authors should be given here. If there are several references to items with the same first author, arrange these chronologically regardless the alphabetical order of the co-authors (“alphabetic-chronological” order).

Journal names should be abbreviated according to “Index Medicus” (Medline) or “Chemical Abstracts Service Source Index”.

Quotations have to follow the following style:

Journal articles:

Lee J (2002) Formulation development of epidermal growth factor. Pharmazie 57: 787 – 790.

Lee EB, Shin KH, Woo WS (1984) Pharmacological study on piperine. Arch Pharm Res 7: 127 – 132.

Books/Book chapters

Krishan K, Andersen ME (1994) Physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling in toxicology. In: Hayes W (ed.) Principles and methods of toxicology, 3rd ed., New York, p. 149 – 187

For the identification of pharmaceutical substances, the International Nonproprietary Names (INN) proposed or recommended by the WHO should be used. Registered Trade Marks (usually indicated with R; in an article this sign should only be used when it is first mentioned or used in the summary), trivial names and chemical nomenclature can be added.

Nomenclature and spelling should conform to the directions given by IUPAC and IUB.

Units of measurement are determined by the directions of the International Units System SI as symbols; M instead of mol/l or mol * l^-1 is allowed.

Botanical names (species, genus) should be marked in italics.

The following abbreviations should be used consequently (except in the title and all subtitles). All other abbreviations have to be explained in the manuscript at first usage, if aforementioned directions are not applicable. Abs. = absolute: anh. = anhydrous; b.p.; b.r. = boiling point, -range; calcd. = calculated; CC = column chromatography; conc. = concentrated; dec. = decomposition, eq. = equation; Fig. = figure; GC = gas chromatography, – chromatogram, HPLC = high performance liquid chromatography, – chromatogram; i.m. = intramuscular; i.p. = intraperitoneal; IR = infrared; i.v. = intravenous; m.p.; m.r. = melting point, -range; MS = mass spectometry, mass spectrum; NMR = nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum; PC = paper chromatography, – chromatogram, % = per cent, percentage, p.o. = peroral; s.c. = subcutaneous; TLC = thin layer chromatography, – chromatogram; UV = ultraviolet.

Footnotes must be numbered consecutively and are to be added separately to the manuscript. They are printed following the “Experimental”.

Dedications (e.g., on the occasion of the 60th or higher birthday) should be inserted between author(s) and summary.

Additions to legends of table should be marked by *,**,*** or a, b, c, d etc.

Figures have to be of sufficient quality for reproduction process. Even after size reduction the figures’ key has to be easy to read. Manuscripts containing figures of insufficient quality cannot be accepted.